腐蝕環(huán)境中摩擦表面出現(xiàn)的材料流失現(xiàn)象稱為磨損腐蝕，簡稱磨蝕。磨損腐蝕這種失效形式經(jīng)常發(fā)生在泵、閥的過流部件（泵體、葉輪、密封環(huán)），管道內(nèi)壁面，以及腐蝕介質(zhì)中服役的摩擦副（如動密封面及軸承等零部件）中，造成磨損腐蝕損壞的流動介質(zhì)可以是氣體、液體或含有固體顆粒、氣泡的液體等，其中以液固雙相流造成的破壞尤其嚴(yán)重。腐蝕磨損包括與流體運動相關(guān)的沖刷腐蝕、空泡腐蝕及發(fā)生在摩擦副表面的腐蝕磨損、微動腐蝕等。

磨損腐蝕相關(guān)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱：Standard Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號：ASTM G32-10
發(fā)布日期：2011-02
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概述：This test method covers the production of cavitation damage on the face of a specimen vibrated at high frequency while immersed in a liquid. The vibration induces the formation and collapse of cavities in the liquid, and the collapsing cavities produce the damage to and erosion （material loss） of the specimen.This test method speci?es standard test conditions covering the diameter, vibratory amplitude and frequency of the specimen, as well as the test liquid and its container. It permits deviations from some of these conditions if properly documented, that may be appropriate for some purposes. It gives guidance on setting up a suitable apparatus and covers test and reporting procedures and precautions to be taken. It also speci?es standard reference materials that must be used to verify the operation of the facility and to de?ne the normalized erosion resistance of other test materials.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱：Standard Test Method for Liquid Impingement Erosion Using Rotating Apparatus
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號：ASTM G73-10
發(fā)布日期：2010-05
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概述：This test method covers tests in which solid specimens are eroded or otherwise damaged by repeated discrete impacts of liquid drops or jets. Among the collateral forms of damage considered are degradation of optical properties of window materials, and penetration, separation, or destruction of coatings. The objective of the tests may be to determine the resistance to erosion or other damage of the materials or coatings under test, or to investigate the damage mechanisms and the effect of test variables. Because of the specialized nature of these tests and the desire in many cases to simulate to some degree the expected service environment, the speci?cation of a standard apparatus is not deemed practicable. This test method gives guidance in setting up a test, and speci?es test and analysis procedures and reporting requirements that can be followed even with quite widely differing materials, test facilities, and test conditions. It also provides a standardized scale of erosion resistance numbers applicable to metals and other structural materials. It serves, to some degree, as a tutorial on liquid impingement erosion.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)名稱：Standard Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編號：ASTM G40-12
發(fā)布日期：2012-08
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)概述：The terms and their de?nitions given herein represent terminology relating to wear and erosion of solid bodies due to mechanical interactions such as occur with cavitation, impingement by liquid jets or drops or by solid particles, or relative motion against contacting solid surfaces or ?uids. This scope interfaces with but generally excludes those processes where material loss is wholly or principally due to chemical action and other related technical ?elds as, for instance lubrication.